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  1. Research >>EEG
  2. EEG基本知识的理论介绍

ERP 介绍

PreviousEEG 伪迹NextERP 成分

Last updated 3 years ago

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EPR (Event Related Potential) 事件相关的诱发电位,是把EEG信号通过叠加平均方式得到的将脑电信号提出。

EEG 中包含各种随机噪音,而相应认知过程的ERP波形基本上是相同的,因而在进行叠加时,ERP会与叠加的次数线性相关(其实就是增强信噪比)。在 实验过程中,被试多次接受重复的刺激,之后对产⽣的EEG进叠加平均(叠加后除以叠加次数),可得到单次刺激的ERP值。

ERP 常应用于大脑皮层的感觉、情感、认知世界的电反应的测试分析。

ERP 可分为听觉诱发电位、视觉诱发电位、体感诱发电位等,也可根据潜伏期长短 分为早潜伏期诱发电位、中潜伏期诱发电位、晚(长)潜伏期诱发电位和慢波。

  • 外源性成分 P1、 N1、 P2:是与感觉或运动功能有关的人脑对刺激产生的早成分,与刺激的物理属性相关。

  • 内源性成分 N2、P3:是与知觉或认知心理加工过程有关,不受刺激的物理特性影响。也做纯心理波,如失匹配负波(mismatch negative,MMN)

  • 中源性成分:既与物理属性相关,也与心理因素有关

EEGLab 提取ERP:

1. 对EEG数据预处理(坏道处理、头⽪定位、伪迹剔除或校正、滤波、去除伪迹等) 2. tools--extract epochs,会弹出图a 所示框

3. 点击右侧[···],会弹出图b 所示选择mark的界⾯,根据实验条件选择mark,修改Epoch limits并点击ok(1-10 均为根据实验需要打的mark, mark的具体数字及个数取决于你⾃⼰的实验程序。在本示例中, 1-2为条件 ⼀, 3-6为条件⼆, 7-10为条件三; Epoch limits的选择取决于数据处理的⽅案,如对刺激锁时的处理,实验 中以刺激呈现的前200ms作为baseline,主要想看刺激呈现后1000ms内的认知过程,此处填-0.2 1。具体时间段的选择可以参考⾃⼰实验数据处理的相关⽂献)

4. 之后会出现⼏个框,都点ok即可。之后eeglab的界⾯的⼏个参数会发⽣变化,如图c所示:

  1. frams pre epoch:表示-200ms到1000ms,采样率为1000,共有1200个点.

  2. epochs:表示这个实验条件下,有51个实验试次叠加平均

  3. events:在所选的时间段⾥,还有其他的被打mark的点(示例数据是⽤EGI收的,会有较多events)

  4. sampling rate:采样率1000,即每秒钟采1000个点(⼀般实验在预处理时会降采样,示例数据⽤于 decoding,没有降采样,具体需要取决于数据处理⽅案,参考相关⽂献)

  5. epoch start, end:即为-0.2s及刺激呈现后1s

5. 之后可以保存叠加平均后的各条件的数据,⽅便进⾏后续各条件之间的分析。 6. 可在Plot⼯具框⾥作图,简单查看结果。

Reference:

《脑电与认知神经科学》 ---⽥银、徐鹏等著 《脑电信号处理与特征提取》 --胡理、张治国等著 《EEG脑电信号分析⽅法及其应⽤》 --李颖洁等著

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